Chapter 5: Lyme disease, psittacosis (parrot disease), Q fever: Most crucial: Symptoms tend to appear in a person before, rather than after, that person becomes highly infectious. Several factors contributed to limiting scope & impact of outbreak: It meant that civets must have been an amplifier host, not a reservoir host, during the 2003 outbreak. Horseshoe bats are a reservoir, if not the reservoir, of SARS-CoV. SARS-CoV was the first coronavirus ever found to inflict serious illness upon humans.ĭegree of infectiousness-especially within contexts of medical care and its lethality, which was much higher than in familiar forms of pneumonia.Īnother ominous trait was that the new bug seemed so very good at riding airplanes Inducing fevers to cook the syphilis bacterium to death Chapter 4: SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) 🇨🇳🇭🇰🇸🇬🇨🇦🇻🇳įinal toll 2003: 8,098 people infected, of whom 774 died

Macaques are reservoir, mosquitos transfer itīefore antibiotics, in early 1900s, inoculating patients with Plasmodium knowlesi was used to cure neurosyphilis. Chapter 3: MalariaĤ types of malaria: vector-borne disease, in that insects carry it from one host to anotherīut Plasmodium knowlesi malaria is a zoonotic disease. Too many people have died of Ebola virus disease, but not nearly so many people as gorillas. Herpesvirus carries about 10 times more genetic complexityįruit bats might be reservoirs of Ebola virus but not necessarily the only reservoirs. You can't catch it breathing shared air, but if a smidgen of the virus gets through a break in your skin, God help youĮbola has tiny genome, enough to construct just 10 proteinsĮg. That it's an animal only rarely in contact with people.Įbola is not very contagious but it’s highly infectious That either the reservoir itself is a rare animal or Rarity of spillover in turn suggested two possibilities: Chapter 2 (13🦍s): EbolaĤ different ebolaviruses scattered across Central AfricaĮmerged from❓reservoir hosts to cause human disease (& gorilla & chimp deaths) in 6 different countries: 🇸🇸🇬🇦🇺🇬🇨🇮🇨🇬🇨🇩ĥth ebola virus seems to be endemic to 🇵🇭

Prevalence 47% Nearly half of the big bats flying around eastern Australia were present or former carriers. Spillover in the reverse direction from humans to a nonhuman species is known as an anthroponosis.Įxamples of zoonosis: Ebola, influenza, HIV, …Ħ0% of human infectious diseases have crossed over from other speciesīat/flying fox 🦇 ➡️ horse 🐴 (amplifier) ➡️ humans 👫

It's a focused event.Ī zoonosis is an animal infection transmissible to humans. Started to read: Spillover – Animal Infections and the Next Human Pandemic by David Quammen (⁦ is the term used by disease ecologists (it has a different use for economists) to denote the moment when a pathogen passes from members of one species, as host, into members of another.

Spillover animal infections